|
Worldwide commercial synthetic fuels plant capacity is over , including indirect conversion Fischer-Tropsch plants in South Africa (Mossgas, Secunda CTL), Qatar , and Malaysia (Shell Bintulu), and a Mobil process (Methanol to Gasoline) plant in New Zealand.〔 〕〔Motor-fuel production at the New Zealand Synfuel site has been shut down since the mid nineties, although production of methanol for export continues. This site ran on the Mobil process converting gas to methanol and methanol to gasoline.http://www.techhistory.co.nz/ThinkBig/Petrochemical%20Decisions.htm〕 Numerous large projects are under construction in China and Qatar. Some analysts believe that Chinese CTL production will exceed that of South Africa by 2015,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title =China CTL to Exceed South Africa by 2015 ) 〕 and new and existing GTL capacity in Qatar should also exceed the July 2009 South African production level some time in 2011.〔sum of existing production at Oryx and planned production at Pearl (【引用サイトリンク】 title =Pearl Gas-to-Liquids Plant, Ras Laffan, Qatar )〕 ==Existing producers== The leading company in the commercialization of synthetic fuel is Sasol, a company based in South Africa. Sasol operates the world's only commercial Fischer Tropsch coal-to-liquids facility, Secunda CTL, with a capacity of .〔http://www.sasol.com/sasol_internet/downloads/CTL_Brochure_1125921891488.pdf〕 Sasol's Oryx Fischer Tropsch gas-to-liquids plant in Ras Laffan Industrial City, Qatar is running at capacity, near its anticipated nameplate capacity. Royal Dutch Shell operates a Fischer Tropsch gas-to-liquids plant in Bintulu, Malaysia.〔http://www.shell.com/home/content/qatar/bintulu/bintulu_malaysia_08102003_1230.html〕 The Mossgas gas to liquids plant in South Africa produces of Fischer Tropsch synthetic fuels.〔http://www.gasification.org/Docs/Conferences/2005/33VAND.pdf〕 Shenhua Group completed a trial run in mid-2009, and achieved stable operation in November 2010 of their 1.08 million ton per year (roughly ) direct coal liquefaction plant (Erdos CTL) in Ejin Horo Banner in north China's Inner Mongolia autonomous region. Shenhua eventually intends to expand the facility to 5 million tons per year (roughly ).〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title =Shenhua's coal-to-oil project to start trial operation in July )〕 The Shenhua also expects to complete a 6 Million ton per year (3 Million TPY first phase) coal-to-fuel project using its own Fischer Tropsch indirect conversion technology next to the Inner Mongolia plant in the third quarter of 2009.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title =Shenhua Coal Conversion Technology and Industry Development )〕 In September 2011, Shenhua reported profitable operation of its new CTL plant during the first half of the year 2011. The total production of the liquid fuel during that period was 470,000 t and the cost was equivalent to ~60 USD per barrel of crude oil.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 China Shenhua returns profit on CTL project )〕 Other companies that have developed coal- or gas-to-liquids processes (at the pilot plant or commercial stage) include ExxonMobil, StatoilHydro, Rentech, and Syntroleum.〔http://pubs.acs.org/cen/coverstory/8129/8129catalysis2.html〕〔http://www.statoil.com/en/TechnologyInnovation/gas/GasLiquidsGTL/Pages/GasToLiquid.aspx〕 Several companies have commercially viable plastics-to-liquid-fuel plants, including Cynar PLC (UK) and Agilyx Corp. (Oregon, USA).〔(American Chemistry Council )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Synthetic fuel commercialization」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|